Che, Guanqiong and Lan, Xu (2025) Creating Inclusive Community for the Elderly and Children: Spatio-Temporal Behaviour, Influence Mechanism and Space Optimisation. URBAN INNOVATION: TO BOLDLY GO WHERE NO CITIES HAVE GONE BEFORE. Medium sized cities and towns as a major arena of global urbanisation. Proceedings of REAL CORP 2025, 30th Intl. Conference on Urban Development, Regional Planning and Information Society. pp. 235-247. ISSN 2521-3938
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Text (Creating Inclusive Community for the Elderly and Children: Spatio-Temporal Behaviour, Influence Mechanism and Space Optimisation)
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Abstract
Intergenerational childcare, meaning the grandparents helping to take care of the grandchildren, is a common phenomenon in China since we are going through aging population, as well as increasing work pressure on parents. Therefore, the elderly and children, who spend the longest time in the community and use the space and facilities the most frequently, are the group of people that should be prioritized to be satisfied and guaranteed in communities. Considering the physiological and psychological characteristics of the elderly and children, they have special needs for community space and facilities, such as higher demands for diversified service facilities within walking distance and higher demands for safety. However, the community design do not takes their needs into full consideration yet, in terms of inappropriate structural scale, mismatch between service facilities supply and demands, and lacking of engaging and playful space. Therefore, it’s urgently needed to have a better undesrstanding of the activity patterns and needs of the elderly and children, as well as the influence mechnism of community space and environment, so as to creat a more inclusive community. In this regard, this study adopts a human-centered perspective under the guidance of Time Geography and Environmental Behavior theories, focuing on five issuses: (1) what’s the spatio-temporal activity patterns of the elderly and children; (2) what’s the influence mechanism of the community environment on such activity patterns; (3) what’s the differences of the activity patterns and influences mechnisms considering socio-economic property and community catergories; (4) cofiguration and approaches to inclusive community; (5) design and renewal suggestions to creat inclusive community for the elderly and children. Firstly, 12 typical communities in Tianjin are selected including different house types and geographic location. Spatio-temporal activity of the elderly and children are collected through questionnaire, interview and unmanned aerial photograph, and are imported to ArcGIS for spatio-temporal distribution visualization. Different activity patterns are summarized using cluster analysis. For communities closer to city center, multi-time activities in the community for the elderly with infants, multi-destination activities for the elderly with infants and young children, and afternoon activities for the elderly with young children are typical types. For communities in the suburbs, multi-time activities in the community are more common. Secondly, a community space index system is establised to calculate the density, scale, accessibility and coverage rate of service facilities and public space within the 15-minute community. Then, correlation and regression are used to analyze the influence of community space index on different activity patterns separately. In general, floor area ratio, road network density, green ratio, accessibility to amenities and education facilities,distance to subway station make a significant impact on the outdoor activity duration, distance and destination of the elderly and children. Thirdly, heterogeneous mechnisms of space index on different activity patterns are identified. (1) To communities with high floor area ratio, road network density and green ratio, whatever they are located near the city center or in the suburb, the elderly and children spends more time outdoor, and most of their activities are within the community. (2) To communities with high accessibility to education facilities, their activiy reach increases. To communities near the city center with diversified service facilities, the destination of the elderly and children are more varied and the walking distance is longer compared to communities located in the suburb. Finally, with the aim to promote more diverse and convenient outdoor activities for the elderly and children, three spatial planning and renewal strategies are proposed. (1) The first path is driven by the densification of service facilities within walking distance, which is suitable for newly built communities in suburbs. (2) The second path is driven by the improvement of landscape design of the community's public space, as well as the optimization of the community's space structure and walking routes, which is suitable for older communities. (3) The third path is driven by increasing the accessibilities of education and recreation facilities within 15-minute community, which is suitable for communities especially in suburbs.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | space optimization, influence mechanism, spatio-temporal behavior, the elderly and children, inclusive community |
| Subjects: | H Social Sciences > HM Sociology J Political Science > JS Local government Municipal government |
| Depositing User: | The CORP Team |
| Date Deposited: | 24 May 2025 12:25 |
| Last Modified: | 07 Jul 2025 09:11 |
| URI: | http://repository.corp.at/id/eprint/1212 |
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