MILP Model for Energy Supply Design to overcome the Cannibalization of Solar Thermal Plants and large-scale Heat Pumps in Urban District Heating Systems

Thommessen, Christian and Scheipers, Jan and Roes, Jürgen and Heinzel, Angelika and Miglani, Somil and Bokor, Balász (2020) MILP Model for Energy Supply Design to overcome the Cannibalization of Solar Thermal Plants and large-scale Heat Pumps in Urban District Heating Systems. SHAPING URBAN CHANGE – Livable City Regions for the 21st Century. Proceedings of REAL CORP 2020, 25th International Conference on Urban Development, Regional Planning and Information Society. pp. 575-587. ISSN 2521-3938

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Abstract

Urban infrastructure is accountable for a large share of carbon emissions, especially energy supply to meet the demand for thermal heat and domestic water. Regarding the climate agreements these systems have to be decarbonized. In urban neighbourhoods, district heating systems (DHS) are efficient solutions to supply heat and favoured by locally or regionally operating municipal utilities. To integrate renewable heat from solar thermal plants or waste heat from lakes or rivers by using heat pumps, DHS in highly densed agglomerations face major problems. On the one hand the availability of land respectively free space is limited. On the other hand operating times of solar thermal plants and large-scale heat pumps are similar considering a long-term planning horizon. In this contribution a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model is developed todetermine the implementation of both options solar thermal plants as well as large-scale heat pumps in DHS with adjustable generation plants in an optimal way. The model computes minimal investment costs and related emission savings for different alternatives integrating heat of renewable sources. The results can support the decision-making regarding the feasibility. Furthermore, good combinations of different renewable energy sources and their integration into a DHS can be identified even though the sources are distributed over the DHS. Main decision variables are the choice of possible plant sizes under consideration of the (existing) DHS-network layout and available space in highly densed urban districts. The networktopology as well as energetic and ecological constraints (e.g. maximum flow capacity in pipes or operating times of heat pumps due to boundary conditions of heat sources) lead to a selection of plant combinations which represent the optimal solution to lower the emissions at acceptable investment costs. The developed model is applied to a case study for an DHS in a newly built neighbourhood with several available heatsources for heat pumps and free areas for solar thermal collectors. The results proof the function of the model and illustrate that an energetic improvement of the DHS is possible by integrating solar thermal plants and large-scale heat pumps at economically acceptable conditions.

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: District Heating Systems, Heat Pump, Mixed Integer Linear Programming, Solar Thermal, Urban Energy Supply
Subjects: G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GE Environmental Sciences
H Social Sciences > HD Industries. Land use. Labor
Depositing User: REAL CORP Administrator
Date Deposited: 04 Feb 2021 09:29
Last Modified: 04 Feb 2021 09:29
URI: http://repository.corp.at/id/eprint/671

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